Antiviral Activity of Plant-Based Additives Against African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) in Feed Ingredients.
PMID 39403003 · Veterinary medicine and science · 2024 · DOI 10.1002/vms3.70070
Authors: Thi Ngoc Ha Lai; Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh; Thi Tam Than; Nguyen Tuan Anh Mai; Niku Moussavi Biuki; Bernhard Eckel; Viktor P L Eckel; Thi Lan Nguyen; Van Phan Le
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is one of the deadliest swine diseases with haemorrhagic symptoms and a high mortality rate. Plant-derived additives are potential antiviral agents against viruses due to their environmental and user-friendly properties. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of plant-based additives (Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B) compared to an organic acid blend (OAB) in inactivating ASF virus (ASFV) in cell culture and feed. ASFV-spiked feed was treated with individual or combined additives such as OAB, Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B. The viability of ASFV after treatment of ASFV-spiked feed with additives was then confirmed by both methods, real-time PCR and cell culture. The results of the in vitro test with cell cultures showed that all three additives (OAB, Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B) exerted a strong virucidal effect on ASFV in porcine alveolar macrophage cells. OAB at a concentration of 0.3% reduced the virus concentration from 4.48 log10 HAD50/mL after 1 day of treatment (day 1) to 3.29 log10 HAD50/mL after 3 days of treatment (day 3) and remained undetected after 7 days of treatment (day 7). In Phyto.A04 with 1%, the virus was only detectable on day 1 (3.53 log10 HAD50/mL). Phyto.B with 0.01% and 0.05% both showed good efficacy in completely inhibiting virus presence on days 3 and 7. All additives, OAB, Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B, were able to inactivate ASFV in a dose-dependent manner, as confirmed by cell culture and PCR methods. The combination of additives at different concentrations consistently improved the virucidal results.
Sus scrofa; Animals; African Swine Fever; Macrophages, Alveolar; Animal Feed; Food Additives; African Swine Fever Virus; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Hordeum; Phytochemicals; Antiviral Agents; Glycyrrhiza; Plant Extracts
Cite
Thi Ngoc Ha Lai; Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh; Thi Tam Than; Nguyen Tuan Anh Mai; Niku Moussavi Biuki; Bernhard Eckel; Viktor P L Eckel; Thi Lan Nguyen; Van Phan Le. Antiviral Activity of Plant-Based Additives Against African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) in Feed Ingredients. Veterinary medicine and science (2024). PMID 39403003. DOI 10.1002/vms3.70070.